Can Nordic Naturals Prenatal DHA Help with Common Cold?
Research Authors
Overview
SCIENTIFIC SCORE
Moderately Effective
Based on 6 Researches
8.3
USERS' SCORE
Good
Based on 3 Reviews
8.3
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 2 Soft Gels
Amount Per Serving
%DV
Calories
10
Total Fat
1 g
1%
Saturated Fat
0 g
0%
Trans Fat
0 g
†
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)
10 mcg (400 IU)
67%
Total Omega-3s♦
830 mg
†
EPA (Eicosapentaenoic Acid)
205 mg
†
DHA (Docosahexaenoic Acid)
480 mg
†
Top Medical Research Studies
8
Vitamin D3 improves cold symptoms
Intake of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Reduces Duration and Severity of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Comparison Study.
We conducted a thorough investigation into how 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, commonly referred to as vitamin D3, impacts upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), particularly the common cold. This study was carried out as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, engaging 428 participants, all aged between 45 and 74, across three clinics in Japan.
Participants were divided into two groups, with one receiving a daily dose of 10 μg of vitamin D3, while the other took a placebo for 16 weeks. Our findings highlighted that those who took vitamin D3 experienced a reduction in the duration of their upper respiratory symptoms, as well as a decrease in severity and improvement in their quality of life during illness.
Overall, our results indicate that supplementing with vitamin D3 might be a proactive step in handling the discomforts associated with common colds. This simple addition to one's daily routine could lead to a notably better experience when facing URTIs, providing a hopeful outlook for those looking for relief from their symptoms.
Read More
8
Vitamin D helps reduce cold symptoms
Intake of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D May Reduce the Severity of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: Post hoc Analysis of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Comparison Study.
We conducted an insightful analysis to see how 25-hydroxyvitamin D, often referred to as 25OHD, impacts symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections, commonly known as colds. In this randomized, placebo-controlled study, participants with insufficient or deficient levels of vitamin D were given either a daily dose of 10 µg of 25OHD or a placebo over a period of 16 weeks. This setup allowed us to objectively compare the effects of vitamin D treatment.
Our findings were quite telling. We observed that those receiving 25OHD had significantly lower scores for physical symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, and head congestion compared to the placebo group. Additionally, quality of life scores improved across the board for the vitamin D group, with the exception of one aspect—breathing easily.
However, it's important to note that while 25OHD intake seemed to alleviate some symptoms, there was no significant difference in the overall number of cold episodes experienced or the usage of medications like antibiotics and pain relievers. This suggests that while 25-hydroxyvitamin D can help reduce certain nasal symptoms and improve quality of life, it may not prevent colds or decrease their frequency.
Read More
8
DHA reduces infant cold symptoms
Prenatal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and infant morbidity: randomized controlled trial.
We conducted a double-blind randomized controlled trial to understand how prenatal supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) might influence infant health, particularly concerning the common cold. Pregnant women were given either a daily dose of 400 mg of DHA or a placebo starting at 18 to 22 weeks of gestation until childbirth.
Caregivers then reported on their infants’ health at 1, 3, and 6 months, sharing details about common illness symptoms. We found that DHA supplementation appeared to reduce the number of colds at one month and also seemed to lessen the duration of various cold symptoms in infants. Specifically, infants in the DHA group experienced fewer cold symptoms and had shorter durations of cough and wheezing.
While the overall occurrence of specific illness symptoms was similar between the DHA and placebo groups, DHA did bring about noteworthy benefits. At 1 month, infants in the DHA group had a 26% shorter duration of cough and 30% shorter wheezing; however, they experienced a longer duration of rash.
Furthermore, by the time the infants reached 3 months, those whose mothers took DHA were ill for 14% less time overall. At 6 months, the DHA group showed significantly reduced durations of several illness indicators, although they did experience longer episodes of vomiting.
This study suggests that prenatal DHA not only seems to impact the occurrence of colds in children but may also play a role in the duration of symptoms over the first half-year of life.
Read More
Most Useful Reviews
9
Improved common cold
1 people found this helpful
I have been taking omega-3 since the first trimester on my gynecologist's advice. I researched thoroughly and chose this expensive product due to its reliable certification and good dosage. It economically lasts three months as I take one capsule daily. The fish oil is sourced from wild fish, minimising heavy metal risks. There’s no unpleasant aftertaste or fishy belching, and it has notably improved my dry skin. It’s essential for brain and heart development, and I recommend it.
Read More
7.5
Prevented common colds
Taking fish oil during pregnancy can reduce the risk of premature birth and common colds in infants, as well as asthma and allergies. I used it from the second trimester, and I experienced no gastrointestinal issues or allergies. I recommend it as the best omega option for pregnant women!
Read More
7.5
Reduced common colds
47 people found this helpful
This is a high-quality product. I've tried many omegas, often facing belching and gastrointestinal issues. However, this omega has caused no side effects, likely because it's designed for pregnant women. Notably, I've noticed an improvement in brain function and a significant increase in productivity at work. Additionally, the frequency of common colds has decreased, and it helps alleviate nervousness without affecting performance. I've been using this for about three years.
We delved into the question of how vitamin D3 supplementation might influence occurrences of the common cold, particularly among athletes. There is growing interest within the sports nutrition community about whether certain nutrients can help maintain a healthy immune response during periods of intense physical training.
Our findings suggest that vitamin D3 is particularly important for immune function. Various studies indicate that adequate levels of vitamin D can assist in reducing the incidence and duration of infections, including colds, not just in athletes but in the general population, too. However, many individuals may experience low vitamin D levels, especially during the winter months when sunlight exposure is limited.
While the overall evidence suggests a beneficial role for vitamin D in immune health, we recognize that direct evidence specifically linking vitamin D3 to a reduction in the common cold is somewhat limited. Nonetheless, the importance of maintaining sufficient vitamin D status can't be overlooked in the broader context of overall health and resilience against infections.
In conclusion, while vitamin D3 shows promise in boosting our immunity, further focused research specifically addressing its impact on the common cold is needed for clearer insights.
Read More
9
Vitamin D3 shows potential benefits
[Dietary efficacy of a micronutrient combination in patients with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Results of a placebo-controlled doubleblind study.].
We explored the potential benefits of a special combination of micronutrients, which includes vitamin D3, in helping individuals who frequently suffer from upper respiratory tract infections, commonly known as the common cold. This study involved 192 participants and was conducted as a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial over 16 weeks.
Our findings were promising, revealing that those in the group receiving the micronutrient blend reported significant improvements in their cold symptoms compared to those who received a placebo. Specifically, individuals with severe symptoms showed a notable reduction in their common cold scores, indicating that vitamin D3, along with other vitamins and minerals, could play a role in enhancing overall immune response.
Furthermore, younger participants in the active group were less likely to miss work due to cold episodes. Those who had low levels of vitamin D3 or vitamin C at the start of the study also experienced fewer episodes of illness, underscoring the importance of maintaining adequate levels of these nutrients.
While there was no isolated analysis of vitamin D3’s effectiveness, the overall improvement in the group suggests that this micronutrient, among others, could truly contribute to better health during cold season.
Read More
8
Vitamin D helps reduce cold symptoms
Intake of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D May Reduce the Severity of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: Post hoc Analysis of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Comparison Study.
We conducted an insightful analysis to see how 25-hydroxyvitamin D, often referred to as 25OHD, impacts symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections, commonly known as colds. In this randomized, placebo-controlled study, participants with insufficient or deficient levels of vitamin D were given either a daily dose of 10 µg of 25OHD or a placebo over a period of 16 weeks. This setup allowed us to objectively compare the effects of vitamin D treatment.
Our findings were quite telling. We observed that those receiving 25OHD had significantly lower scores for physical symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, and head congestion compared to the placebo group. Additionally, quality of life scores improved across the board for the vitamin D group, with the exception of one aspect—breathing easily.
However, it's important to note that while 25OHD intake seemed to alleviate some symptoms, there was no significant difference in the overall number of cold episodes experienced or the usage of medications like antibiotics and pain relievers. This suggests that while 25-hydroxyvitamin D can help reduce certain nasal symptoms and improve quality of life, it may not prevent colds or decrease their frequency.
Read More
8
Vitamin D3 improves cold symptoms
Intake of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Reduces Duration and Severity of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Comparison Study.
We conducted a thorough investigation into how 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, commonly referred to as vitamin D3, impacts upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), particularly the common cold. This study was carried out as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, engaging 428 participants, all aged between 45 and 74, across three clinics in Japan.
Participants were divided into two groups, with one receiving a daily dose of 10 μg of vitamin D3, while the other took a placebo for 16 weeks. Our findings highlighted that those who took vitamin D3 experienced a reduction in the duration of their upper respiratory symptoms, as well as a decrease in severity and improvement in their quality of life during illness.
Overall, our results indicate that supplementing with vitamin D3 might be a proactive step in handling the discomforts associated with common colds. This simple addition to one's daily routine could lead to a notably better experience when facing URTIs, providing a hopeful outlook for those looking for relief from their symptoms.
Read More
8
Micronutrients improve cold symptoms
[Dietary efficacy of a micronutrient combination in patients with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study].
We conducted an intriguing study focusing on how a combination of micronutrients, particularly vitamin D3, could affect the frequency and severity of common colds. The research involved 192 participants suffering from recurrent upper respiratory infections. It employed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design over 16 weeks to ensure reliability in results.
Our findings were quite enlightening. Participants who received the micronutrient combination, including vitamin D3, reported a significant improvement in their cold symptoms compared to those who got a placebo. Specifically, those in the active group experienced better symptom relief, especially among individuals who initially had severe cold symptoms or were younger than 45 years.
Additionally, the study revealed that those with low levels of vitamin D and vitamin C benefitted the most, reporting fewer episodes of common colds. We also noted an increase in serum levels of vitamin C, folic acid, and selenium in the active group, which correlated with reduced cold symptoms. However, while the data suggests benefits from vitamin D3 within the micronutrient combination, we can't exclusively attribute the positive results to vitamin D3 alone, as it was part of a larger group of nutrients.
Overall, this study offers promising insights into how enhancing our micronutrient intake might strengthen our immune responses to common colds, particularly for those prone to frequent infections.
I have been taking omega-3 since the first trimester on my gynecologist's advice. I researched thoroughly and chose this expensive product due to its reliable certification and good dosage. It economically lasts three months as I take one capsule daily. The fish oil is sourced from wild fish, minimising heavy metal risks. There’s no unpleasant aftertaste or fishy belching, and it has notably improved my dry skin. It’s essential for brain and heart development, and I recommend it.
Read More
7.5
Prevented common colds
Taking fish oil during pregnancy can reduce the risk of premature birth and common colds in infants, as well as asthma and allergies. I used it from the second trimester, and I experienced no gastrointestinal issues or allergies. I recommend it as the best omega option for pregnant women!
Read More
7.5
Reduced common colds
47 people found this helpful
This is a high-quality product. I've tried many omegas, often facing belching and gastrointestinal issues. However, this omega has caused no side effects, likely because it's designed for pregnant women. Notably, I've noticed an improvement in brain function and a significant increase in productivity at work. Additionally, the frequency of common colds has decreased, and it helps alleviate nervousness without affecting performance. I've been using this for about three years.
Read More
Frequently Asked Questions
The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract, primarily affecting the nose and throat. It's caused by a variety of viruses, with rhinoviruses being the most prevalent. Symptoms generally include a runny or stuffy nose, sore throat, cough, sneezing, mild headache, and sometimes a low-grade fever. While the common cold is often mild and resolves on its own within a week or two, it can still be bothersome and impact daily activities.
Transmission occurs through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes, or by touching surfaces contaminated with the virus. Preventative measures include frequent handwashing, using hand sanitizer, and avoiding close contact with infected individuals. Since there is currently no cure for the common cold, treatment focuses on symptom relief through over-the-counter medications, adequate rest, and hydration. While colds may be uncomfortable, they are generally not serious; however, seeking medical attention may be necessary if symptoms worsen or persist for an extended period.
Pre and post-natal formulas are specialized dietary supplements designed to support the nutritional needs of women during pregnancy and postpartum recovery. Pre-natal formulas typically include a combination of essential vitamins and minerals, such as folic acid, iron, and calcium, to promote the health of both mother and developing baby. These nutrients are crucial for fetal development, reducing the risk of complications, and supporting the overall well-being of expectant mothers.
Post-natal formulas, on the other hand, focus on replenishing nutrients that may have been depleted during pregnancy and childbirth and enhancing recovery after delivery. They often contain additional nutrients to support breastfeeding, such as DHA and omega-3 fatty acids, which are important for infant brain development. Both types of formulas aim to ensure that mothers have the necessary nutrients for their health and their babies' development, making them an essential part of pre and post-natal care.
Research supports the idea that vitamin D3 supplementation may help alleviate some symptoms associated with the common cold, though it doesn't necessarily prevent the illness itself. In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving 428 participants aged 45 to 74, findings indicated that those taking a daily dose of 10 μg of vitamin D3 experienced a reduction in the duration and severity of upper respiratory symptoms, leading to an overall enhancement in their quality of life during illness [2]. Additionally, a separate study noted that low levels of vitamin D3 correlated with more frequent cold episodes, suggesting that maintaining adequate vitamin D levels could be beneficial, especially for those prone to recurrent infections [4].
It's important to note that while the findings suggest that vitamin D3 may indeed provide some relief from cold symptoms, the evidence surrounding its role in preventing colds is less clear. Another exploration into the effects of vitamin D3, among other micronutrients, indicated improvements in symptoms for participants who received this supplement, but it was part of a broader combination, making it difficult to isolate its specific impact [5]. Therefore, while vitamin D3 shows promise for mitigating the discomfort associated with common colds, further comprehensive studies are needed to fully understand its efficacy in preventing the illness altogether.
Based on user reviews, many individuals have reported significant improvements in symptoms attributed to their omega-3 intake, particularly during pregnancy. For instance, one user noted a marked improvement in their dry skin after starting a high-quality fish oil supplement, attributing this to the product's reliable sourcing and formulation Read Review. Another user highlighted not only the absence of gastrointestinal issues commonly associated with fish oil but also improvements in brain function, productivity, and a reduction in the frequency of colds Read Review.
Additionally, there are reports suggesting that omega-3 supplementation during pregnancy may positively influence fetal health by potentially reducing the risk of premature birth and common colds in infants Read Review. While individual experiences may vary, these anecdotal experiences indicate that many users have found this supplement beneficial in enhancing their overall health as well as their children's well-being.
The research surrounding the effectiveness of Pre Post Natal Formulas, particularly those including vitamin D3 and DHA, suggests a nuanced approach to alleviating common cold symptoms. Specifically, studies indicate that a daily dosage of 10 µg of vitamin D3 can lead to reduced severity and duration of cold symptoms among adults, improving overall quality of life during infections [2]. Furthermore, prenatal supplementation with 400 mg of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) appears to positively influence infant health by decreasing the occurrence and duration of cold symptoms in infants, such as cough and wheezing [6].
While these dosages provide promising results for symptom relief, it is essential to note that they do not guarantee the prevention of colds. The overall findings emphasize the role of these micronutrients in supporting the immune system, particularly in individuals with low levels of vitamin D [3]. For those considering using Pre Post Natal Formulas in efforts to combat colds, integrating these specific dosages might enhance immune resilience and improve symptom management during cold season.
9
Improved common cold
1 people found this helpful
I have been taking omega-3 since the first trimester on my gynecologist's advice. I researched thoroughly and chose this expensive product due to its reliable certification and good dosage. It economically lasts three months as I take one capsule daily. The fish oil is sourced from wild fish, minimising heavy metal risks. There’s no unpleasant aftertaste or fishy belching, and it has notably improved my dry skin. It’s essential for brain and heart development, and I recommend it.
7.5
Reduced common colds
47 people found this helpful
This is a high-quality product. I've tried many omegas, often facing belching and gastrointestinal issues. However, this omega has caused no side effects, likely because it's designed for pregnant women. Notably, I've noticed an improvement in brain function and a significant increase in productivity at work. Additionally, the frequency of common colds has decreased, and it helps alleviate nervousness without affecting performance. I've been using this for about three years.
7.5
Prevented common colds
Taking fish oil during pregnancy can reduce the risk of premature birth and common colds in infants, as well as asthma and allergies. I used it from the second trimester, and I experienced no gastrointestinal issues or allergies. I recommend it as the best omega option for pregnant women!
8
Vitamin D3 improves cold symptoms
Intake of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Reduces Duration and Severity of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Comparison Study.
We conducted a thorough investigation into how 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, commonly referred to as vitamin D3, impacts upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), particularly the common cold. This study was carried out as a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, engaging 428 participants, all aged between 45 and 74, across three clinics in Japan.
Participants were divided into two groups, with one receiving a daily dose of 10 μg of vitamin D3, while the other took a placebo for 16 weeks. Our findings highlighted that those who took vitamin D3 experienced a reduction in the duration of their upper respiratory symptoms, as well as a decrease in severity and improvement in their quality of life during illness.
Overall, our results indicate that supplementing with vitamin D3 might be a proactive step in handling the discomforts associated with common colds. This simple addition to one's daily routine could lead to a notably better experience when facing URTIs, providing a hopeful outlook for those looking for relief from their symptoms.
8
Micronutrients improve cold symptoms
[Dietary efficacy of a micronutrient combination in patients with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study].
We conducted an intriguing study focusing on how a combination of micronutrients, particularly vitamin D3, could affect the frequency and severity of common colds. The research involved 192 participants suffering from recurrent upper respiratory infections. It employed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design over 16 weeks to ensure reliability in results.
Our findings were quite enlightening. Participants who received the micronutrient combination, including vitamin D3, reported a significant improvement in their cold symptoms compared to those who got a placebo. Specifically, those in the active group experienced better symptom relief, especially among individuals who initially had severe cold symptoms or were younger than 45 years.
Additionally, the study revealed that those with low levels of vitamin D and vitamin C benefitted the most, reporting fewer episodes of common colds. We also noted an increase in serum levels of vitamin C, folic acid, and selenium in the active group, which correlated with reduced cold symptoms. However, while the data suggests benefits from vitamin D3 within the micronutrient combination, we can't exclusively attribute the positive results to vitamin D3 alone, as it was part of a larger group of nutrients.
Overall, this study offers promising insights into how enhancing our micronutrient intake might strengthen our immune responses to common colds, particularly for those prone to frequent infections.
9
Vitamin D3 shows potential benefits
[Dietary efficacy of a micronutrient combination in patients with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Results of a placebo-controlled doubleblind study.].
We explored the potential benefits of a special combination of micronutrients, which includes vitamin D3, in helping individuals who frequently suffer from upper respiratory tract infections, commonly known as the common cold. This study involved 192 participants and was conducted as a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial over 16 weeks.
Our findings were promising, revealing that those in the group receiving the micronutrient blend reported significant improvements in their cold symptoms compared to those who received a placebo. Specifically, individuals with severe symptoms showed a notable reduction in their common cold scores, indicating that vitamin D3, along with other vitamins and minerals, could play a role in enhancing overall immune response.
Furthermore, younger participants in the active group were less likely to miss work due to cold episodes. Those who had low levels of vitamin D3 or vitamin C at the start of the study also experienced fewer episodes of illness, underscoring the importance of maintaining adequate levels of these nutrients.
While there was no isolated analysis of vitamin D3’s effectiveness, the overall improvement in the group suggests that this micronutrient, among others, could truly contribute to better health during cold season.
8
DHA reduces infant cold symptoms
Prenatal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and infant morbidity: randomized controlled trial.
We conducted a double-blind randomized controlled trial to understand how prenatal supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) might influence infant health, particularly concerning the common cold. Pregnant women were given either a daily dose of 400 mg of DHA or a placebo starting at 18 to 22 weeks of gestation until childbirth.
Caregivers then reported on their infants’ health at 1, 3, and 6 months, sharing details about common illness symptoms. We found that DHA supplementation appeared to reduce the number of colds at one month and also seemed to lessen the duration of various cold symptoms in infants. Specifically, infants in the DHA group experienced fewer cold symptoms and had shorter durations of cough and wheezing.
While the overall occurrence of specific illness symptoms was similar between the DHA and placebo groups, DHA did bring about noteworthy benefits. At 1 month, infants in the DHA group had a 26% shorter duration of cough and 30% shorter wheezing; however, they experienced a longer duration of rash.
Furthermore, by the time the infants reached 3 months, those whose mothers took DHA were ill for 14% less time overall. At 6 months, the DHA group showed significantly reduced durations of several illness indicators, although they did experience longer episodes of vomiting.
This study suggests that prenatal DHA not only seems to impact the occurrence of colds in children but may also play a role in the duration of symptoms over the first half-year of life.
We delved into the question of how vitamin D3 supplementation might influence occurrences of the common cold, particularly among athletes. There is growing interest within the sports nutrition community about whether certain nutrients can help maintain a healthy immune response during periods of intense physical training.
Our findings suggest that vitamin D3 is particularly important for immune function. Various studies indicate that adequate levels of vitamin D can assist in reducing the incidence and duration of infections, including colds, not just in athletes but in the general population, too. However, many individuals may experience low vitamin D levels, especially during the winter months when sunlight exposure is limited.
While the overall evidence suggests a beneficial role for vitamin D in immune health, we recognize that direct evidence specifically linking vitamin D3 to a reduction in the common cold is somewhat limited. Nonetheless, the importance of maintaining sufficient vitamin D status can't be overlooked in the broader context of overall health and resilience against infections.
In conclusion, while vitamin D3 shows promise in boosting our immunity, further focused research specifically addressing its impact on the common cold is needed for clearer insights.
References
Shimizu Y, Ito Y, Uotsu N, Yui K. Intake of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D May Reduce the Severity of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: Post hoc Analysis of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Comparison Study. Nutrients. 2020;12. doi:10.3390/nu12123769
Shimizu Y, Ito Y, Yui K, Egawa K, Orimo H. Intake of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 Reduces Duration and Severity of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Comparison Study. J Nutr Health Aging. 2018;22:491. doi:10.1007/s12603-017-0952-x
Gleeson M. Immunological aspects of sport nutrition. Immunol Cell Biol. 2016;94:117. doi:10.1038/icb.2015.109
Schmidt K, Zirkler S. [Dietary efficacy of a micronutrient combination in patients with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Results of a placebo-controlled double-blind study]. MMW Fortschr Med. 2011;153 Suppl 3:83.
Schmidt K, Zirkler S. [Dietary efficacy of a micronutrient combination in patients with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Results of a placebo-controlled doubleblind study.]. MMW Fortschr Med. 2011;153:83. doi:10.1007/s15006-011-1630-2
Imhoff-Kunsch B, Stein AD, Martorell R, Parra-Cabrera S, Romieu I, et al. Prenatal docosahexaenoic acid supplementation and infant morbidity: randomized controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2011;128:e505. doi:10.1542/peds.2010-1386